Formulation and Physical Quality Test for Onion Skin Extract Solid Soap (Allium cepa L)

Abstract

Shallots are one of the many types of plants available in Indonesia. Shallots are annual plants that can grow in the highlands and lowlands. In its use, shallots produce a lot of waste in the form of skin which can be processed into solid soap preparations because they contain antibacterial properties derived from flavonoid compounds. This study aims to produce solid soap onion skin extract and test the physical quality of the preparation according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The research method was experimental which consisted of making simplicia and extracting it by maceration method using 70% ethanol as a solvent. Red onion peel extract formulations were used with a concentration of 5% (Formulation 2) and 0% (formulation 1) as the control basis. Evaluation of solid soap preparations includes organoleptic observation, homogeneity testing, foaming test, pH testing. The preparation was evaluated for 4 weeks at room temperature. Data were analyzed descriptively and compared with SNI. The results of this study indicate that the soap preparation is homogeneous, has a solid texture, is light brown (formulation 1), and dark brown (formulation 2). The average pH value in formulation 1 and formulation 2 is 9. The results of the organoleptic test on solid soap preparations did not change, from the first week to the fourth week it was getting denser. The foam power test on both formulations showed the presence of foam that came out when the test was carried out. The conclusion in this study is that the physical quality of onion skin extract solid soap is in accordance with SNI and is stable for 4 weeks of storage.